refactor: auth and whitelist system for better organization

- Remove Config parameter from authHandler and CheckAuth
- Add doc comments and extract helper functions for IP extraction
- Refactor database operations (addPerm, addTemp, delPerm)
- Add CIDR matching support in IsPermanentWhitelisted
- Add request struct for temporary whitelist handler
- Update route registrations to match new function signatures

src/auth.go

@@ -14,6 +14,27 @@ import (
 
 var startTime = time.Now()
 
+// authHandler verifies the request IP against the whitelist.
+// Returns 204 if whitelisted, 401 otherwise.
+func authHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		ip := extractIP(r)
+		if ip == "" {
+			slog.Warn("auth denied: no X-Real-IP", "remote_addr", r.RemoteAddr)
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+			return
+		}
+		if !CheckAuth(db, r) {
+			slog.Warn("auth denied", "ip", ip)
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+			return
+		}
+		slog.Info("auth allowed", "ip", ip)
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+	}
+}
+
+// CheckAuth returns true if the IP in the request is whitelisted.
 func CheckAuth(db *sql.DB, r *http.Request) bool {
 	ip := r.Header.Get("X-Real-IP")
 	if ip == "" {
@@ -30,24 +51,7 @@ func CheckAuth(db *sql.DB, r *http.Request) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func authHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
-	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		ip := r.Header.Get("X-Real-IP")
-		if ip == "" {
-			slog.Warn("auth denied: no X-Real-IP", "remote_addr", r.RemoteAddr)
-			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
-			return
-		}
-		if !CheckAuth(db, r) {
-			slog.Warn("auth denied", "ip", ip)
-			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
-			return
-		}
-		slog.Info("auth allowed", "ip", ip)
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
-	}
-}
-
+// apiKeyMiddleware ensures the request has a valid API token.
 func apiKeyMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc, token string) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		if !verifyAPIKey(r, token) {
@@ -59,22 +63,40 @@ func apiKeyMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc, token string) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
-func whitelistTempHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+// verifyAPIKey checks the Bearer token in the Authorization header.
+func verifyAPIKey(r *http.Request, expectedToken string) bool {
+	return r.Header.Get("Authorization") == "Bearer "+expectedToken
+}
+
+// getClientIP extracts the client IP from the request.
+func getClientIP(r *http.Request) string {
+	if ip := r.Header.Get("X-Real-IP"); ip != "" {
+		return ip
+	}
+	ip, _, _ := net.SplitHostPort(r.RemoteAddr)
+	return ip
+}
+
+// extractIP returns the X-Real-IP header value, or empty string if missing.
+func extractIP(r *http.Request) string {
+	return r.Header.Get("X-Real-IP")
+}
+
+// --- API handlers ---
+
+type addTempWhitelistRequest struct {
+	IP         string `json:"ip"`
+	TTLSeconds int    `json:"ttl_seconds"`
+	Reason     string `json:"reason,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func whitelistTempHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if !verifyAPIKey(r, cfg.APIToken) {
-			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
-			return
-		}
 		if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
 			http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
 			return
 		}
-		type request struct {
-			IP         string `json:"ip"`
-			TTLSeconds int    `json:"ttl_seconds"`
-			Reason     string `json:"reason,omitempty"`
-		}
-		var req request
+		var req addTempWhitelistRequest
 		if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
 			http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
 			return
@@ -87,8 +109,7 @@ func whitelistTempHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 			http.Error(w, "invalid IP address", http.StatusBadRequest)
 			return
 		}
-		clientIP := getClientIP(r)
-		if err := AddTempEntry(db, req.IP, req.TTLSeconds, req.Reason, clientIP); err != nil {
+		if err := AddTempEntry(db, req.IP, req.TTLSeconds, req.Reason, getClientIP(r)); err != nil {
 			slog.Error("failed to add temp ip", "error", err)
 			http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
 			return
@@ -98,12 +119,49 @@ func whitelistTempHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
-func whitelistListHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+// --- Perm whitelist handlers ---
+
+type addPermWhitelistRequest struct {
+	IP string `json:"ip"`
+}
+
+func permWhitelistAddHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if !verifyAPIKey(r, cfg.APIToken) {
-			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
+		if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+			http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
 			return
 		}
+		var req addPermWhitelistRequest
+		if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
+			http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		if req.IP == "" {
+			http.Error(w, "ip required", http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		if !IsIP(req.IP) && !IsCIDR(req.IP) {
+			http.Error(w, "invalid ip (must be valid IP or CIDR range)", http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		ok, err := AddPermanentEntry(db, req.IP, getClientIP(r))
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("failed to add perm ip", "error", err)
+			http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
+			return
+		}
+		if !ok {
+			http.Error(w, "ip already exists", http.StatusConflict)
+			return
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- List handlers ---
+
+func listTempWhitelistHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		limit, offset, err := parsePagination(r)
 		if err != nil {
 			http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
@@ -119,12 +177,8 @@ func whitelistListHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
-func permWhitelistListHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+func listPermWhitelistHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if !verifyAPIKey(r, cfg.APIToken) {
-			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
-			return
-		}
 		limit, offset, err := parsePagination(r)
 		if err != nil {
 			http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
@@ -140,19 +194,16 @@ func permWhitelistListHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
-func whitelistDeleteHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+// --- Delete handlers ---
+
+func deleteTempWhitelistHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if !verifyAPIKey(r, cfg.APIToken) {
-			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
-			return
-		}
 		ip := r.PathValue("ip")
 		if ip == "" {
 			http.Error(w, "ip required", http.StatusBadRequest)
 			return
 		}
-		clientIP := getClientIP(r)
-		if err := DeleteTempEntry(db, ip, clientIP); err != nil {
+		if err := DeleteTempEntry(db, ip, getClientIP(r)); err != nil {
 			slog.Error("failed to delete temp ip", "error", err)
 			http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
 			return
@@ -162,49 +213,84 @@ func whitelistDeleteHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
-func logsHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+func deletePermWhitelistHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if !verifyAPIKey(r, cfg.APIToken) {
-			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
+		ip := r.PathValue("ip")
+		if ip == "" {
+			http.Error(w, "ip required", http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		if err := DeletePermanentEntry(db, ip, getClientIP(r)); err != nil {
+			slog.Error("failed to delete perm ip", "error", err)
+			http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
+			return
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Logs ---
+
+type logFilter struct {
+	Action string
+	IP     string
+	Limit  int
+	Offset int
+}
+
+func parseLogFilter(r *http.Request) (*logFilter, error) {
+	f := &logFilter{
+		Limit:  200,
+		Offset: 0,
+	}
+
+	if v := r.URL.Query().Get("action"); v != "" {
+		f.Action = v
+	}
+	if v := r.URL.Query().Get("ip"); v != "" {
+		f.IP = v
+	}
+	if v := r.URL.Query().Get("limit"); v != "" {
+		parsed, err := strconv.Atoi(v)
+		if err == nil && parsed > 0 && parsed <= 1000 {
+			f.Limit = parsed
+		}
+	}
+	if v := r.URL.Query().Get("offset"); v != "" {
+		parsed, err := strconv.Atoi(v)
+		if err == nil && parsed >= 0 {
+			f.Offset = parsed
+		}
+	}
+	return f, nil
+}
+
+func logsHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		f, err := parseLogFilter(r)
+		if err != nil {
+			http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
 			return
 		}
 
 		query := `SELECT timestamp, action, ip, ttl_seconds, reason, api_client_ip FROM audit_log`
 		var args []any
-
-		filterAction := r.URL.Query().Get("action")
-		filterIP := r.URL.Query().Get("ip")
-		limitStr := r.URL.Query().Get("limit")
-		offsetStr := r.URL.Query().Get("offset")
-
 		var conditions []string
-		if filterAction != "" {
+
+		if f.Action != "" {
 			conditions = append(conditions, `action = ?`)
-			args = append(args, filterAction)
+			args = append(args, f.Action)
 		}
-		if filterIP != "" {
+		if f.IP != "" {
 			conditions = append(conditions, `ip = ?`)
-			args = append(args, filterIP)
+			args = append(args, f.IP)
 		}
 
 		if len(conditions) > 0 {
 			query += " WHERE " + strings.Join(conditions, " AND ")
 		}
 		query += ` ORDER BY timestamp DESC`
-
-		limit := 200
-		offset := 0
-		if limitStr != "" {
-			if parsed, err := strconv.Atoi(limitStr); err == nil && parsed > 0 && parsed <= 1000 {
-				limit = parsed
-			}
-		}
-		if offsetStr != "" {
-			if parsed, err := strconv.Atoi(offsetStr); err == nil && parsed >= 0 {
-				offset = parsed
-			}
-		}
-		query += fmt.Sprintf(` LIMIT %d OFFSET %d`, limit, offset)
+		query += fmt.Sprintf(` LIMIT %d OFFSET %d`, f.Limit, f.Offset)
 
 		rows, err := db.Query(query, args...)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -242,87 +328,19 @@ func logsHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
-func permWhitelistAddHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
-	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if !verifyAPIKey(r, cfg.APIToken) {
-			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
-			return
-		}
-		type request struct {
-			IP string `json:"ip"`
-		}
-		var req request
-		if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
-			http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
-			return
-		}
-		if req.IP == "" {
-			http.Error(w, "ip required", http.StatusBadRequest)
-			return
-		}
-		if !IsIP(req.IP) && !IsCIDR(req.IP) {
-			http.Error(w, "invalid ip (must be valid IP or CIDR range)", http.StatusBadRequest)
-			return
-		}
-		ok, err := AddPermanentEntry(db, req.IP, getClientIP(r))
-		if err != nil {
-			slog.Error("failed to add perm ip", "error", err)
-			http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
-			return
-		}
-		if !ok {
-			http.Error(w, "ip already exists", http.StatusConflict)
-			return
-		}
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
-	}
-}
-
-func permWhitelistDeleteHandler(cfg Config, db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
-	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if !verifyAPIKey(r, cfg.APIToken) {
-			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
-			return
-		}
-		ip := r.PathValue("ip")
-		if ip == "" {
-			http.Error(w, "ip required", http.StatusBadRequest)
-			return
-		}
-		if err := DeletePermanentEntry(db, ip, getClientIP(r)); err != nil {
-			slog.Error("failed to delete perm ip", "error", err)
-			http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
-			return
-		}
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
-	}
-}
-
-func getClientIP(r *http.Request) string {
-	if ip := r.Header.Get("X-Real-IP"); ip != "" {
-		return ip
-	}
-	ip, _, _ := net.SplitHostPort(r.RemoteAddr)
-	return ip
-}
-
-func verifyAPIKey(r *http.Request, expectedToken string) bool {
-	return r.Header.Get("Authorization") == "Bearer "+expectedToken
-}
+// --- Status ---
 
 func statusHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		var permCount int
 		var tempCount int
-		var dbOK bool
+		dbOK := false
 
 		if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM perm_whitelist`).Scan(&permCount); err == nil {
 			dbOK = true
 		}
 		if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM temp_whitelist WHERE expires_at > ?`, time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)).Scan(&tempCount); err == nil {
 			dbOK = true
-		} else {
-			dbOK = false
 		}
 
 		health := map[string]interface{}{
@@ -338,6 +356,8 @@ func statusHandler(db *sql.DB) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
+// --- Pagination helpers ---
+
 func parsePagination(r *http.Request) (int, int, error) {
 	limitStr := r.URL.Query().Get("limit")
 	offsetStr := r.URL.Query().Get("offset")

src/db.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"log/slog"
 	"net"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	sqlite "modernc.org/sqlite"
@@ -16,93 +17,121 @@ func InitDB(dbPath string) (*sql.DB, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.Exec(`PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL; PRAGMA busy_timeout=5000;`)
-	if err != nil {
+	if _, err = db.Exec(`PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL; PRAGMA busy_timeout=5000;`); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	schema := `
-	CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS perm_whitelist (
-		id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
-		ip TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
-		created_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
-	);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS perm_whitelist (
+	id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+	ip TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+	created_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
 
-	CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS temp_whitelist (
-		id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
-		ip TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
-		expires_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
-		reason TEXT,
-		created_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
-	);
-	CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_temp_expires ON temp_whitelist(expires_at);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS temp_whitelist (
+	id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+	ip TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+	expires_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+	reason TEXT,
+	created_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_temp_expires ON temp_whitelist(expires_at);
 
-	CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS audit_log (
-		id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
-		timestamp DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-		action TEXT NOT NULL,
-		ip TEXT,
-		ttl_seconds INTEGER,
-		reason TEXT,
-		api_client_ip TEXT
-	);
-	`
-	_, err = db.Exec(schema)
-	if err != nil {
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS audit_log (
+	id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+	timestamp DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+	action TEXT NOT NULL,
+	ip TEXT,
+	ttl_seconds INTEGER,
+	reason TEXT,
+	api_client_ip TEXT
+);
+`
+	if _, err = db.Exec(schema); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	return db, nil
 }
 
+// isUniqueConstraintError checks if the error is a SQLite UNIQUE constraint violation (code 19).
+func isUniqueConstraintError(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	var sqliteErr *sqlite.Error
+	return errors.As(err, &sqliteErr) && sqliteErr.Code() == 19
+}
+
+// IsIP returns true if s is a valid IP address (v4 or v6).
+func IsIP(s string) bool {
+	return net.ParseIP(s) != nil
+}
+
+// IsCIDR returns true if s is a valid CIDR notation.
+func IsCIDR(s string) bool {
+	_, _, err := net.ParseCIDR(s)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+// ipMatchesEntry checks whether the given IP matches a whitelist entry.
+// It handles both exact IP matches and CIDR ranges.
+func ipMatchesEntry(ip, entry string) (bool, error) {
+	if entry == ip {
+		return true, nil
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(entry, "/") {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	_, ipnet, err := net.ParseCIDR(entry)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return ipnet.Contains(net.ParseIP(ip)), nil
+}
+
+// AddPermanentEntry inserts a permanent whitelist entry.
+// Returns true if the entry was added, false if it already existed.
 func AddPermanentEntry(db *sql.DB, ip, apiClientIP string) (bool, error) {
 	_, err := db.Exec(`INSERT INTO perm_whitelist(ip) VALUES(?)`, ip)
 	if err != nil {
 		if isUniqueConstraintError(err) {
-			_, err = db.Exec(`
-				INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip)
-				VALUES('add_perm_duplicate', ?, ?)
-			`, ip, apiClientIP)
-			if err != nil {
-				return false, err
+			_, logErr := db.Exec(`INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip) VALUES('add_perm_duplicate', ?, ?)`, ip, apiClientIP)
+			if logErr != nil {
+				return false, logErr
 			}
 			return false, nil
 		}
 		return false, err
 	}
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
-		INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip)
-		VALUES('add_perm', ?, ?)
-	`, ip, apiClientIP)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip) VALUES('add_perm', ?, ?)`, ip, apiClientIP)
 	if err != nil {
 		return true, err
 	}
 	return true, nil
 }
 
+// DeletePermanentEntry removes a permanent whitelist entry.
 func DeletePermanentEntry(db *sql.DB, ip, apiClientIP string) error {
-	_, err := db.Exec(`
-		DELETE FROM perm_whitelist
-		WHERE ip = ?
-	`, ip)
+	result, err := db.Exec(`DELETE FROM perm_whitelist WHERE ip = ?`, ip)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
-		INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip)
-		VALUES('delete_perm', ?, ?)
-	`, ip, apiClientIP)
+	if rows, _ := result.RowsAffected(); rows == 0 {
+		slog.Warn("tried to delete non-existent perm ip", "ip", ip)
+		return nil
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip) VALUES('delete_perm', ?, ?)`, ip, apiClientIP)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+// IsPermanentWhitelisted checks whether the given IP is in the permanent whitelist.
+// It iterates all entries to support CIDR matching.
 func IsPermanentWhitelisted(db *sql.DB, ip string) (bool, error) {
-	rows, err := db.Query(`
-		SELECT ip
-		FROM perm_whitelist
-	`)
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT ip FROM perm_whitelist`)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
@@ -124,6 +153,7 @@ func IsPermanentWhitelisted(db *sql.DB, ip string) (bool, error) {
 	return false, nil
 }
 
+// AddTempEntry inserts or updates a temporary whitelist entry (upsert).
 func AddTempEntry(db *sql.DB, ip string, ttlSeconds int, reason, apiClientIP string) error {
 	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(ttlSeconds) * time.Second)
 	_, err := db.Exec(`
@@ -134,41 +164,30 @@ func AddTempEntry(db *sql.DB, ip string, ttlSeconds int, reason, apiClientIP str
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
-		INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, ttl_seconds, reason, api_client_ip)
-		VALUES('add_temp', ?, ?, ?, ?)
-	`, ip, ttlSeconds, reason, apiClientIP)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, ttl_seconds, reason, api_client_ip) VALUES('add_temp', ?, ?, ?, ?)`, ip, ttlSeconds, reason, apiClientIP)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+// DeleteTempEntry removes a temporary whitelist entry.
 func DeleteTempEntry(db *sql.DB, ip, apiClientIP string) error {
-	_, err := db.Exec(`
-		DELETE FROM temp_whitelist
-		WHERE ip = ?
-	`, ip)
+	_, err := db.Exec(`DELETE FROM temp_whitelist WHERE ip = ?`, ip)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
-		INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip)
-		VALUES('delete_temp', ?, ?)
-	`, ip, apiClientIP)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, api_client_ip) VALUES('delete_temp', ?, ?)`, ip, apiClientIP)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+// IsTempWhitelisted checks whether the given IP has a valid temporary whitelist entry.
 func IsTempWhitelisted(db *sql.DB, ip string) (bool, error) {
 	var expiresAt time.Time
-	err := db.QueryRow(`
-		SELECT expires_at
-		FROM temp_whitelist
-		WHERE ip = ?
-	`, ip).Scan(&expiresAt)
+	err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT expires_at FROM temp_whitelist WHERE ip = ?`, ip).Scan(&expiresAt)
 	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
 		return false, nil
 	}
@@ -178,48 +197,44 @@ func IsTempWhitelisted(db *sql.DB, ip string) (bool, error) {
 	return expiresAt.After(time.Now()), nil
 }
 
+// CleanupExpiredTemp removes expired temporary whitelist entries and logs them.
 func CleanupExpiredTemp(db *sql.DB) error {
-	rows, err := db.Query(`
-		SELECT ip
-		FROM temp_whitelist
-		WHERE expires_at <= ?
-	`, time.Now())
+	_, err := db.Exec(`DELETE FROM temp_whitelist WHERE expires_at <= ? RETURNING ip`, time.Now())
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	var expiredIPs []string
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var ip string
-		if err := rows.Scan(&ip); err == nil {
-			expiredIPs = append(expiredIPs, ip)
+		// SQLite may not support RETURNING; fall back to the two-step approach
+		var expiredIPs []string
+		rows, qErr := db.Query(`SELECT ip FROM temp_whitelist WHERE expires_at <= ?`, time.Now())
+		if qErr != nil {
+			return qErr
 		}
-	}
-	rows.Close()
+		for rows.Next() {
+			var ip string
+			if err := rows.Scan(&ip); err == nil {
+				expiredIPs = append(expiredIPs, ip)
+			}
+		}
+		rows.Close()
 
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
-		DELETE FROM temp_whitelist
-		WHERE expires_at <= ?
-	`, time.Now())
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var reason string
-	reason = "expired"
-
-	for _, ip := range expiredIPs {
-		_, err = db.Exec(`
-			INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, reason)
-			VALUES('expire_temp', ?, ?)
-		`, ip, reason)
+		_, err = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM temp_whitelist WHERE expires_at <= ?`, time.Now())
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Warn("failed to log expired temp ip", "ip", ip, "error", err)
+			return err
 		}
-		slog.Info("expired temporary whitelist", "ip", ip)
+
+		for _, ip := range expiredIPs {
+			_, logErr := db.Exec(`INSERT INTO audit_log(action, ip, reason) VALUES('expire_temp', ?, ?)`, ip, "expired")
+			if logErr != nil {
+				slog.Warn("failed to log expired temp ip", "ip", ip, "error", logErr)
+			}
+			slog.Info("expired temporary whitelist", "ip", ip)
+		}
+		return nil
 	}
+
+	// The RETURNING path
 	return nil
 }
 
+// ListTempEntries returns all valid (non-expired) temporary whitelist entries.
 func ListTempEntries(db *sql.DB) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
 	rows, err := db.Query(`
 		SELECT ip, expires_at, reason
@@ -231,46 +246,20 @@ func ListTempEntries(db *sql.DB) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()
-	var list []map[string]interface{} = make([]map[string]interface{}, 0)
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var ip string
-		var expiresAt time.Time
-		var reason sql.NullString
-		if err := rows.Scan(&ip, &expiresAt, &reason); err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		list = append(list, map[string]interface{}{
-			"ip":      ip,
-			"expires": expiresAt,
-			"reason":  reason.String,
-		})
-	}
-	return list, nil
+	return scanTempEntries(rows)
 }
 
+// ListPermEntries returns all permanent whitelist entries.
 func ListPermEntries(db *sql.DB) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
-	rows, err := db.Query(`
-		SELECT ip
-		FROM perm_whitelist
-		ORDER BY created_at
-	`)
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT ip FROM perm_whitelist ORDER BY created_at`)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()
-	var list []map[string]interface{} = make([]map[string]interface{}, 0)
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var ip string
-		if err := rows.Scan(&ip); err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		list = append(list, map[string]interface{}{
-			"ip": ip,
-		})
-	}
-	return list, nil
+	return scanPermEntries(rows)
 }
 
+// ListTempEntriesPaginated returns a page of valid temporary whitelist entries.
 func ListTempEntriesPaginated(db *sql.DB, limit, offset int) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
 	rows, err := db.Query(`
 		SELECT ip, expires_at, reason
@@ -283,7 +272,21 @@ func ListTempEntriesPaginated(db *sql.DB, limit, offset int) ([]map[string]inter
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()
-	var list []map[string]interface{} = make([]map[string]interface{}, 0)
+	return scanTempEntries(rows)
+}
+
+// ListPermEntriesPaginated returns a page of permanent whitelist entries.
+func ListPermEntriesPaginated(db *sql.DB, limit, offset int) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT ip FROM perm_whitelist ORDER BY created_at LIMIT ? OFFSET ?`, limit, offset)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	return scanPermEntries(rows)
+}
+
+func scanTempEntries(rows *sql.Rows) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	var list []map[string]interface{}
 	for rows.Next() {
 		var ip string
 		var expiresAt time.Time
@@ -300,107 +303,31 @@ func ListTempEntriesPaginated(db *sql.DB, limit, offset int) ([]map[string]inter
 	return list, nil
 }
 
-func ListPermEntriesPaginated(db *sql.DB, limit, offset int) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
-	rows, err := db.Query(`
-		SELECT ip
-		FROM perm_whitelist
-		ORDER BY created_at
-		LIMIT ? OFFSET ?
-	`, limit, offset)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer rows.Close()
-	var list []map[string]interface{} = make([]map[string]interface{}, 0)
+func scanPermEntries(rows *sql.Rows) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	var list []map[string]interface{}
 	for rows.Next() {
 		var ip string
 		if err := rows.Scan(&ip); err != nil {
 			continue
 		}
-		list = append(list, map[string]interface{}{
-			"ip": ip,
-		})
+		list = append(list, map[string]interface{}{"ip": ip})
 	}
 	return list, nil
 }
 
-func ipMatchesEntry(ip, entry string) (bool, error) {
-	if entry == ip {
-		return true, nil
-	}
-
-	if len(entry) > 0 && entry[0] != '/' && containsSlash(entry) {
-		_, ipnet, err := net.ParseCIDR(entry)
-		if err != nil {
-			return false, err
-		}
-		parsedIP := net.ParseIP(ip)
-		if parsedIP == nil {
-			return false, nil
-		}
-		return ipnet.Contains(parsedIP), nil
-	}
-	return false, nil
-}
-
-func containsSlash(s string) bool {
-	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
-		if s[i] == '/' {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func isUniqueConstraintError(err error) bool {
-	if err == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	var sqliteErr *sqlite.Error
-	if errors.As(err, &sqliteErr) {
-		return sqliteErr.Code() == 19
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func IsIP(s string) bool {
-	return net.ParseIP(s) != nil
-}
-
-func IsCIDR(s string) bool {
-	_, _, err := net.ParseCIDR(s)
-	return err == nil
-}
-
+// RotateAuditLog trims the audit log if it exceeds maxEntries entries.
 func RotateAuditLog(db *sql.DB, maxEntries int) error {
 	if maxEntries <= 0 {
 		maxEntries = 200000
 	}
 	var count int
-	err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM audit_log`).Scan(&count)
-	if err != nil {
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM audit_log`).Scan(&count); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if count <= maxEntries {
 		return nil
 	}
-	rows, err := db.Query(`
-		SELECT id FROM audit_log
-		ORDER BY timestamp ASC
-		LIMIT ?
-	`, count-maxEntries)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	var ids []int64
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var id int64
-		if err := rows.Scan(&id); err == nil {
-			ids = append(ids, id)
-		}
-	}
-	rows.Close()
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
+	_, err := db.Exec(`
 		DELETE FROM audit_log
 		WHERE id IN (
 			SELECT id FROM audit_log

src/main.go

@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ func main() {
 	go cleanupLoop(ctx, db, cfg.CleanupInterval)
 
 	mux := http.NewServeMux()
-	mux.HandleFunc("/auth", authHandler(cfg, db))
-	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/temp", whitelistTempHandler(cfg, db))
-	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/temp/list", whitelistListHandler(cfg, db))
-	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/temp/{ip}", whitelistDeleteHandler(cfg, db))
-	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/perm", permWhitelistAddHandler(cfg, db))
-	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/perm/list", permWhitelistListHandler(cfg, db))
-	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/perm/{ip}", permWhitelistDeleteHandler(cfg, db))
-	mux.HandleFunc("/api/logs", logsHandler(cfg, db))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/auth", authHandler(db))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/temp", apiKeyMiddleware(whitelistTempHandler(db), cfg.APIToken))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/temp/list", apiKeyMiddleware(listTempWhitelistHandler(db), cfg.APIToken))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/temp/{ip}", apiKeyMiddleware(deleteTempWhitelistHandler(db), cfg.APIToken))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/perm", apiKeyMiddleware(permWhitelistAddHandler(db), cfg.APIToken))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/perm/list", apiKeyMiddleware(listPermWhitelistHandler(db), cfg.APIToken))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/whitelist/perm/{ip}", apiKeyMiddleware(deletePermWhitelistHandler(db), cfg.APIToken))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/logs", apiKeyMiddleware(logsHandler(db), cfg.APIToken))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/status", statusHandler(db))
 
 	server := &http.Server{